Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, ebibanjelwe kumbutho obanzi wokhuseleko olunothethwano lweenwele “kwisemina yoshishino lwe-LED ka-2011”, ingcaphephe ezimase intlanganiso kunye nabaphathi beshishini, uphando lweprojekthi yesibane sokukhanya kwesemiconductor yesizwe kunye nophuhliso kunye nosekela-sosiba-jikelele wombutho woshishino, uMnumzana GengBo amazwe Yu Bin sea. star umlawuli wombane, usekela-manejala jikelele, PhD, owomileyo njengombane wokufota, igosa eliyintloko lezezimali, unobhala webhodi uMnu Ye Sunyi uzimase intlanganiso, kunye noshishino lwe-LED luka-2011 luqhubekile nengxoxo. Umxholo ophambili wentlanganiso kunye noluvo lushwankathelwe ngezantsi:
1. kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo imboni ye-LED iya kugcina ukukhula ngokukhawuleza
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje ye-10 i-LED yokuphucula unyaka nonyaka, umlinganiselo weendleko zezibane ze-LED udlulele ngaphaya komthombo wokukhanya wendabuko, izibane kunye nezibane zeendleko ezibanzi zingaphantsi kwesibane se-incandescent, isibane se-halogen kunye nokukhanya kwe-tube ye-CFL, kuya kulingana 2012 izibane ezonga amandla. Ixabiso lemveliso ye-LED ye-2015 lingancitshiswa ukuya kwi-1/5 ka-2010, xa izinga lokungena kwimarike yokukhanyisa ngokubanzi lifikelele kwi-50%, ngo-2020 liya kuphendula ngaphezu kwe-75% yemarike yokukhanyisa.
Ukhuphiswano lwangoku lwemizi-mveliso yehlabathi yi-United States neJapan, iYurophu, iSouth Korea, iChina neTaiwan. Ngoku onke amazwe ekwenzeni ukusasazwa okucwangcisiweyo, njengoko iJapan ngokusebenzisa inkxaso-mali karhulumente ukukhuthaza ukukhanya kwe-LED, kulindeleke ukuba ithathe indawo yereyithi ye-2015 ye-50%, izinga lokutshintshwa kwe-100% ngo-2020; South Korea ngo-2015 ukuqinisekisa ukuba 30% kwimarike izibane jikelele.
Imveliso ye-LED yexabiso lemveliso ye-China yafikelela kwi-120 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ngaphezu kwe-4000 yamashishini, kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo izinga lokukhula eliqhelekileyo lama-35%, ngaphezu kwama-40% ngo-2010. Iinkcukacha-manani ezifanelekileyo zedatha zithi i-guangdong ixabiso lemveliso ye-LED yafikelela kwi-83,5 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan. Ixabiso lemveliso yeshishini lilindeleke kule minyaka imbalwa izayo umndilili wokuhluma ongaphezu kwama-35%. I-China ngoku kuphando lweteknoloji engundoqo kunye nophuhliso lwenze impumelelo ephawulekayo, ngakumbi malunga neemveliso zokupakisha zineempawu zazo, izicelo nazo zinenkqubela enkulu. Isicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, isicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kwi-LED ngaphezu kwe-28912, kubandakanywa i-encapsulation kunye ne-patent yesicelo ibalwa malunga ne-70%; Iqonga lesizwe lovavanyo linesithandathu kwaye ezintathu zicwangcisa.
2. Utyalo-mali loshishino lwe-LED lunotyekelo lokufudumeza kwesakhiwo
Ixabiso lemveliso yokukhanyisa yesiNtu lifikelele kwi-290 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ngo-2010, ngo-2010, ixabiso lemveliso yokukhanya ngokubanzi kwe-LED ye-18 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ukunyuka kwe-140% ngaphezu kwe-2009, i-yuan ka-2009, i-21% yesikali semarike yesicelo se-LED, inyuke nge-14% ngaphezu kwe-14%. ngo-2009, kubandakanywa ukukhanya kwesitalato se-LED, ukukhanya kwetonela kukhule ngaphezu kwe-100%. Iinkcukacha-manani zoManyano lwasekhaya lwe-LED yesibane sesitalato esingaphezu kwe-1.6 yezigidi. Ukungena kwimarike ye-LED kungaphantsi kwe-1% ngo-2010, kulindeleke ukuba kufikelele kuma-30% ngo-2015. Kodwa ukuthetha ngokungqongqo, imarike yokukhanyisa ngokubanzi nayo ingurhulumente, imarike yokwenyani ayikaqali, kodwa ukubuyisela ukukhanya kwendabuko yindlela yeThe Times.
Isikali sotyalo-mali lwangaphakathi oluzibhiliyoni ezingama-20, 2009, 2010 ukuya kuma-30 eebhiliyoni, utyalo-mali lugxile ikakhulu kwikhonkco loshishino lwemigangatho. Utyalo-mali lwangaphakathi lwangoku lukhulu kakhulu. Inxalenye yeenkampani zamandla elanga nazo zityale imali, i-poly (iqela le-xin lityale i-2.5 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, iiseti ezingama-500 zeMOCVD ethengiswe kumazwe angaphandle yakha isiseko se-LED esuzhou.
Inani lezixhobo ze-MOCVD ze-2010 isicwangciso selizwe elitsha 09 kwi-50% yonikezelo lwehlabathi lwe-MOCVD, isicwangciso seminyaka emithathu yeeyunithi ezintsha ze-1466, ngaphezu kwe-09 yezixhobo zehlabathi ze-MOCVD, ngokutsho kwesicwangciso, emva kweminyaka emithathu amandla okuvelisa i-epitaxial wafer uya ibe 10 ukuba 15 amaxesha ukuba 2009. Apha kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ishishini kufuneka beze, inombolo yezixhobo ngasentla isenokusilela, kodwa abakhange up kwimarike ngoku, kunzima ezi zixhobo ziya kuba. akukho ntsalela. Utyalo-mali lunomkhwa wokushisa okugqithisileyo kwesakhiwo, ngaphezu kwesithathu seshishini lokukhanyisa eliqhelekileyo lingene okanye liceba ukungena.
3. Ushishino lwaseTshayina lwe-LED zombini amathuba kunye nemingeni
Ngenxa yeTshayina ngesiseko sokukhanya kwendabuko kunye netekhnoloji yemathiriyeli eqhelekileyo, amandla kunokwenzeka ukuba abe lishishini le-LED eTshayina. I-China kwinqanaba likazwelonke lolawulo kwimarike kunye nempembelelo yokuguquguquka kubonakala.
Amathuba oshishino lwe-LED lwasekhaya kunye nemingeni ahlala kunye. Amathuba: I-1, iimarike zemveli kunye nezisakhulayo zinamathuba amakhulu oshishino, i-2 yoshishino lokukhanyisa, i-industry industry drive inzima kakhulu, i-3, kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo lunika ithuba elihle loshishino lwe-LED, 4, kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wokugqibela ukhuthaza ukukhula koshishino, kulo nyaka uphelileyo kumboniso weprojekthi ye-semiconductor ukubhida kubonisa intsingiselo inkulu; Imiceli mngeni: 1, amazwe aphuhlileyo sele enomgaqo-nkqubo wokukhuthaza isicelo, i-2, amazwe aphuhlileyo akhuphe izithintelo ezivaliweyo ze-incandescent, ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kwizibane zokukhanyisa zendabuko kunye nezibane, i-China nayo kufuneka ihambisane kunye ne-3, nayo ixhala malunga. ishishini ukukhuthaza inqanaba likarhulumente kuchaphazela ukuqeshwa kushishino izibane zemveli ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kodwa utshintsho kufuneka luqhutywe ngokungqinelana nemithetho yemarike, imigaqo-nkqubo inokuqhutywa kuphela ngeenxa zonke, 4, kunye nesigebenga samazwe ngamazwe esinamandla kwisicelo esisezantsi sidinga. us ukukhawulezisa ukuhlanganiswa, 5, kunye patent standard iye yaba kugxininiso kukhuphiswano ngamazwe, ezintandathu, ukusasazwa kwemithombo yoshishino ayihlanganiselwanga ngokwabo, kunye China uqoqosho lwendawo, ukunciphisa uphuhliso lwendawo kunzima; Ubume obuphezulu buthande ukuba kwimveliso ephakathi, kwingxaki yetalente, i-7, inkxaso yoshishino kunye nokulungelelaniswa akwanelanga. Inkxaso yobugcisa, indawo yophuhliso ayigqibelelanga ngokwaneleyo. Inqanaba lotyalo-mali lisezantsi, ukuhambelana kwemveliso enzima, umgangatho kunye neemarike zezatifiketi ezifana nokuphuculwa kwendlela yokubona.
4. I-2011 iya kuba yimarike yokuqala yokukhanyisa ukukhanya kwe-LED
Ithemba elitsha elibanzi lemarike, imarike entsha esebenzisa ii-leds inexabiso eliphezulu lezoqoqosho kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo yiminyaka eyi-10 iiyure ze-8 ngosuku (iiyure ze-30000) uqikelelo lwe-2010-2015, ukusebenza kwe-photosynthetic ukufikelela kwi-60 2010 lm / w, 2015 ukufikelela kwi-100 lm / w, ixabiso kwi-RMB 70, i-2010, ngo-2015 inokuwela ngaphantsi kwamanqanaba e-$ 10. Kulindeleke ukuba ngo-2013 ixabiso lokuguqula liphantsi, oko kukuthi, le ngongoma yi-LED enkulu yokukhuthaza i-inflection point.
Ukukhanya kwe-LED kwimarike yexesha elizayo kuya kuba yi-LED ngeteknoloji kunye nokuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwexabiso phantsi kweevili ezimbini. I-Alliance ilindeleke, imarike yokukhanyisa ngokubanzi ye-LED ngo-2011, yaqala ngo-2011-2012, ukukhanya kwe-LED kuya kuvela kwindawo yokuthengisa, i-industrial, i-ofisi kunye nommandla woluntu ukukhanya ngokuthe ngcembe ukuya kwizibane zasekhaya.
Isicwangciso sotyalo-mali:
1. jolise kumashishini anokubakho: amandla anamandla okudibanisa inkqubo, ishishini elinamandla okudibanisa ngokuthe nkqo ngaxeshanye; Kwishishini elithile elahlukileyo; Inenzuzo yamatshaneli emveliso yamashishini; I-EMC ineempawu zeemodeli zoshishino.
2. kwiindawo eziphambili: ngokuhambelana nokukhanya koluntu lokuqala, ukukhanya kwezorhwebo kunye nokukhanyisa ekhaya indlela yokucwangcisa ngocwangco.
3. ixesha lotyalo-mali: landela imephu yendlela ye-incandescent, iiprojekthi ezilishumi ze-wan city kunye ne-huimin ezifana nomgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe (okunokwenzeka) kwisiqingatha sokugqibela sika-2011, ukubamba ukukhanya kwe-LED ukuqala ithuba.
5. ukupakishwa kwe-LED okunamandla aphezulu kuthanda isalathisi esibanzi
Ngomkhondo wophuhliso lokhuphiswano lwesixhobo se-LED aluseyo parameter enye, kodwa luthambekele ekuthatheni ingqalelo ukusebenza okukhanyayo kunye nesalathiso sombala wonikezelo, njengobomi, ixabiso, isalathiso esibanzi. Isalathiso sobuchwephesha bokupakisha be-LED bubuninzi obuphezulu bangoku, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, isalathiso sombala ophezulu, ukudityaniswa okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokukhanya.
I-chip enkulu elandelayo, ukupakishwa kwetshiphu, ukupakishwa kwemodyuli encinci ye-chip encinci exineneyo iya kuba yimeko.
6. Ukukhutshwa kwe-MOCVD kuya kuqinisa ishishini
Imveliso yasekhaya yangoku epitaxial wafer upstream MOCVD ubushushu botyalo-mali liphezulu kakhulu, 2011 ufakelo lwasekhaya lwezixhobo ukuya kufika impahla kufuneka malunga neeyunithi 500, 2 ukuya 3 kwikota yalo nyaka, ngokutsho umthamo imveliso iya kukhutshwa ngokuthe ngcembe, kunokubangela ezithile. impembelelo kwimarike yetshiphu ephakathi kuluhlu, kulindeleke ukuba amaxabiso etshiphu amhlophe ewonke ehle ngama-20 ukuya kuma-30%.
Umsinga we-chip onyukayo lishishini lobuchwepheshe eliphezulu kakhulu, kungekuphela nje kufuneka libe nesitovu, okubaluleke ngakumbi kukuba neqela letalente, italente yangoku yasekhaya kule ndawo iswele kakhulu. Ngoko ke, kwiminyaka emibini ezayo ishishini liya kukhawulezisa ukuhlanganiswa, njengeminyaka elishumi edlulileyo iinkampani zaseTaiwan, okokugqibela kunokuba yi-6 kwiinkampani ze-7, ezinye iinkampani azizange zikhuphe isitofu kwaye azikwazi ukuqalisa, iindleko zokuhla kwezitofu ziphezulu kakhulu, zingakwazi ' t ukuvelisa iimveliso zomgangatho ophezulu weshishini linokujongana nokupheliswa.
7. kutshanje ukukhanya kwe-LED kuya kuba kwindlela yamandla aphezulu kunye namandla amancinci ahlala kunye
Okwangoku iimveliso zokukhanyisa ze-LED ngesantya esincinci, ikakhulu sithembele kwiprojekthi karhulumente ekukhuthazeni, kodwa uphawu oluhle lokuba iindlela ezivelayo ezifana ne-EMC, ngokuqaliswa kweebhanki, i-inshurensi kunye namanye amaziko emali, ukukhanya kwe-LED kumashishini, ukukhanya koluntu ngokukhawuleza. uphuhliso. Ezinye iibhalbhu ze-incandescent zangaphandle ukuba zivale ukubala, imarike yokuthengisa yexesha elifutshane inokukhula ngokukhawuleza.
Ngoku iindleko zokukhanyisa i-LED kunye namaxabiso asephezulu kakhulu, ikhonkco lokubonelela alikaphuculwa ngokupheleleyo, kukho ezininzi iimfuno ezifunekayo kwikhonkco leteknoloji, nazo kufuneka ziphucule ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle okukhanyayo. Ngenxa yeendleko, kutshanje iimveliso zokukhanyisa i-LED ezinamandla aphezulu kunye namandla amancinci adibeneyo ahlangene, kodwa kunye nezixhobo zamandla eziphezulu zibiza kakhulu, iimveliso ze-LED zamandla aphezulu yindlela yophuhliso.
8. ukuphuhlisa ipatent ezimeleyo yindlela esisiseko yophuhliso lwexesha elide
Ingxaki ye-patent ye-LED yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokukhawulela uphuhliso loshishino lwe-LED lwe-China, ishishini le-LED e-China ukuba libe nempembelelo kwihlabathi lonke, lo ngumbandela ongekho kwixesha elidlulileyo, kufuneka uphuhlise i-patent ezimeleyo. Kodwa ingxaki yelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza ayingowona mba uphambili wenqanaba letshiphu, okanye i-epitaxial wafer, inkqubo ye-chip yokukwazi ukusetyenzwa. Okwangoku indlela yokusombulula ingxaki ye-patent ingundoqo okanye ijikeleze indawo enzima ye-patent, hlawula iintlawulo ukuze ufumane ugunyaziso, njl.
Umba welungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza ubandakanya imathiriyeli yetshiphu, ubume besixhobo, iphosphor, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okwesibini, ukuyilwa kwemilo, okufana namanqanaba amaninzi, okona kubalulekileyo kusengumgubo wefluorescent kunye nesubstrate materials. I-patent ye-phosphor ephambili yangoku kwizandla zekhemikhali, zithatha i-aluminate material, i-silicate yasekhaya yangoku kunye ne-nitrides ziyi-r & d, kodwa kusafuneka kuphuculwe ukuthembeka kunye nokuzinza. Umba wezinto eziphathekayo, ilizwe lethu ekukhuthazeni ngamandla izinto ze-Si substrate, i-union delegate nanchang crystal ingenza i-capital ye-yuan yezigidi ezingama-60 kuphando kunye nophuhliso, inenkqubela phambili enkulu ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, xa impumelelo iya kukwazi ushishino lweteknoloji yesekethe edibeneyo. isetyenziswe kwi-chip ye-LED, iya kunciphisa kakhulu ixabiso le-chip kunye nethemba elizayo libanzi kakhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-10-2016